Crude oil distillation process pdf

Fractional distillation of crude oil

fractional distillationIn fractional distillation a mixture of several substances, such as crude oil, is distilled and the evaporated components are collected as they condense at different temperatures.

is used to separate crude oil into simpler, more useful fractions. A fraction of crude oil is a group of hydrocarbonA compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.

First product of fractional distillation of crude oil

molecules of similar size with similar boiling pointThe temperature at which a substance rapidly changes from a liquid to a gas.. Their similar boiling points mean that they can be separated by fractional distillation.

During the fractional distillation of crude oil:

• heated crude oil enters a tall fractionating columnPiece of apparatus in which mixtures separate during fractional distillation.

  or tower, which is hot at the bottom and gets cooler towards the top

• vapours from the oil rise through the column
• vapours condensationA change of state in which gas becomes liquid by cooling. when they become cool enough
• liquids a
  how does crude oil fractional distillation work
  why does crude oil need to be fractionally distilled