Strain measurement methods

When external forces are applied to a stationary object, stress and strain are the result.

Strain gauge pressure sensor

Strain gauge pressure sensor

What is strain measured in engineering

Strain gauge working principle

Types of strain gauge

Strain gauge

Stress is defined as the object's internal resisting forces, and strain is defined as the displacement and deformation that occur. For a uniform distribution of internal resisting forces, stress can be calculated (Figure 2-1) by dividing the force (F) applied by the unit area (A):

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Strain Units

Strain is defined as the amount of deformation per unit length of an object when a load is applied.

Strain is calculated by dividing the total deformation of the original length by the original length (L):
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Typical values for strain are less than 0.005 inch/inch and are often expressed in microstrain units:
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Strain may be compressive or tensile and is typically measured by strain gauges.

It was Lord Kelvin who first reported in 1856 that metallic conductors subjected to mechanical strain exhibit a change in their electrical resistance. This phenomenon was first put to practical use in the 1930s.
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